Klaus Fiedler is a Full Professor of Psychology, affiliated to Heidelberg University. He is a member of the Heidelberg Academy of Science and of the German National Academy of Science, Leopoldina, a member of various international science associations, and a Principal Investigator several science awards and almost 40 successful research proposals. Although his sphere of research is broad and varied, ranging from social cognition, communication of language, stereotyping, lie detection, and affective influences to methodology and translational research in law, over the last decade his work has more and more concentrated on judgment and decision making, anchored in a cognitive-ecological perspective on adaptive cognition. Central to this research area is his work on meta-cognitive myopia, conceived as a major obstacle in the way of rational decision making and action.